Maxillofacial injury (Facial Injury) can result into fractures of jaw bones, cheekbones, nasal bone or orbital sockets, and may cause dental injuries, soft tissue injuries etc. Facial injuries are mainly caused by vehicle accidents or violent assaults. Specialist surgeons operate on their area of expertise. An oral surgeon operates on jaw injuries, palate or teeth related injuries including plastic surgery of related areas. Plates, screws and wires may be used to reposition the bones and teeth. Dr. Nitin has taught as a Professor of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery in prominent Dental Schools in North India. He is a life member of Association of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeons of India and a Founding member of Academy of Applied Myofunctional Sciences, USA.
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Facial Injury - More Info
Facial Injury is also known as Maxillofacial injury, Facial trauma, LeFort injuries. It includes fractures in the jaw, nose, cheekbones and eye sockets; bruises, burns, lacerations and soft tissues injuries. Specific aspects of facial injuries are treated by Surgical specialists like oral and maxillofacial surgeons, otolaryngologists, and plastic surgeons. Dental surgeons are not normally involved in the life-threatening events of facial injury but are very much a part of rehabilitation regime. A major component of maxillofacial trauma is trauma of the teeth and jaws which is taken care of by maxillofacial surgery.
Causes
Facial injury may be caused by vehicle accidents, sports injuries, violent assaults, falls, animal bites, thermal burns and chemical exposures etc.
Diagnosis
Besides the physical examination, CT Scan is taken to assess the extent of damage due to facial injury. X-ray is used to diagnose the issues related to the area of work of a dental surgeon.
Treatment of Dental and Facial Injuries
Following treatments may be carried out for the affected area
Cheekbone Fractures (Zygomas)
The treatment of a zygoma involves setting the bone and fixing plates and screws ro keep the bone in the right position. It may take around four to six weeks to heal.
Dental Injuries
First, any fractures are stabilized by applying plates and screws in the initial stage, and then reconstruct the area by placing bone grafts, dental implants, or the dental prosthetic. it can take around four to six months to completely heal, depending on the damage.
Facial (Maxillary) Fractures
Facial fractures are often classified into three groups: the upper maxilla, the lower maxilla, and the mid maxilla. Treatment includes securing air passageways by re-positioning the bones and creating function and aesthetics without any sign of the injury. This may include dental braces and hardware (microplates, resorbable plates, etc).
Jaw Fractures
The jaws are immobilized by wiring the jaws together to allow them to heal. Alternatively, there is open reduction that involves the use of hardware and placing a variety of plates and screws inside the jaw. The healing time for a fractured jaw is typically four to six weeks.